Bootstrap

Because one of the first version of Bootstrap was used to create one of Twitter's former Web page layouts, for a long time this framework was known under the name Twitter Bootstrap.

Since Bootstrap is not officially used for Twitter's layout anymore (not entirely), the framework is now known only as Bootstrap.

Currently you can easily say Bootstrap is the number one CSS framework around and there won't be anyone to dispute the fact.

Widely regarded as a standard when it comes to Web user interface design, Bootstrap can also be used with mobile UIs since it always came with support for responsive layouts.

Bootstrap is actually one of the reasons responsive CSS frameworks are the hot thing right now in Web development.

Since it was launched Bootstrap has been the inspiration of many similar toolkits and an entire new marketplace for developers to make money on. Yes. If you can code Bootstrap themes you can make a lot of money right now.

Examples and lots of documentation is provided with the Bootstrap package, so get going and start making websites, themes and if you're lucky even some money.

Besides the standard CSS/Less version of Bootstrap, the development team has also launched a separate version for SASS: Bootstrap for Sass.

System requirements

• JavaScript enabled on client side
• jQuery

What is new in this release:

• Fix incorrect Affix positioning when webpage uses sticky footer layout
• Fix tooltip/popover behavior when multiple triggers are specified
• Avoid some unnecessary HTML string building+parsing
• Avoid leaking memory in tooltip/popover plugins
• Clicking into an input field within an open dropdown no longer closes the dropdown
• Fix horizontal viewport bounds check in tooltip/popover placement logic
• Add new inserted.bs.tooltip/popover event fired after tooltip/popover DOM is inserted into the document
• Tooltip/popover: Allow viewport option to be a function
• Fix auto placement to use viewport on tooltips and popovers
• Added Wall of Browser Bugs entry for table-related Chrome bug
• Darker style .focus and :focus:hover on .active buttons
• Fix radio and checkbox keyboard handling in .btn-group (plus removal of obsolete unit test)
• Generalize dropdowns / droprole="menu"
• Manually handle .input-group-* sizing instead of using mixins, which causes a bug in our compiled code due to nesting
• Add z-index to avoid border overlapping in input groups
• Properly position .form-control-feedback across within input groups
• Fix overlapped border on pagination links on hover
• Make .text-emphasis-variant adjust a:focus color in addition to a:hover color
• Reset text/font properties more thoroughly for tooltips+popovers
• Add @jumbotron-heading-font-size variable
• Only disable pointer-events on disabled .btns
• Add max-width: none to .media > .img-thumbnail to prevent malformed images
• Make .bg-variant mixin adjust :focus color in addition to :hover color
• Update .visible* mixin to use !important onelements
• Fix border-radius on list group items in collapsible panels
• Account for static form controls in form group size variations
• Add support to .list-group-items.

What is new in version 3.3.7 / 2.3.2 / 4.0.0 Alpha 3:

• Fix incorrect Affix positioning when webpage uses sticky footer layout
• Fix tooltip/popover behavior when multiple triggers are specified
• Avoid some unnecessary HTML string building+parsing
• Avoid leaking memory in tooltip/popover plugins
• Clicking into an input field within an open dropdown no longer closes the dropdown
• Fix horizontal viewport bounds check in tooltip/popover placement logic
• Add new inserted.bs.tooltip/popover event fired after tooltip/popover DOM is inserted into the document
• Tooltip/popover: Allow viewport option to be a function
• Fix auto placement to use viewport on tooltips and popovers
• Added Wall of Browser Bugs entry for table-related Chrome bug
• Darker style .focus and :focus:hover on .active buttons
• Fix radio and checkbox keyboard handling in .btn-group (plus removal of obsolete unit test)
• Generalize dropdowns / droprole="menu"
• Manually handle .input-group-* sizing instead of using mixins, which causes a bug in our compiled code due to nesting
• Add z-index to avoid border overlapping in input groups
• Properly position .form-control-feedback across within input groups
• Fix overlapped border on pagination links on hover
• Make .text-emphasis-variant adjust a:focus color in addition to a:hover color
• Reset text/font properties more thoroughly for tooltips+popovers
• Add @jumbotron-heading-font-size variable
• Only disable pointer-events on disabled .btns
• Add max-width: none to .media > .img-thumbnail to prevent malformed images
• Make .bg-variant mixin adjust :focus color in addition to :hover color
• Update .visible* mixin to use !important onelements
• Fix border-radius on list group items in collapsible panels
• Account for static form controls in form group size variations
• Add support to .list-group-items.

What is new in version 3.3.6 / 2.3.2 / 4.0.0 Alpha2:

• Fix incorrect Affix positioning when webpage uses sticky footer layout
• Fix tooltip/popover behavior when multiple triggers are specified
• Avoid some unnecessary HTML string building+parsing
• Avoid leaking memory in tooltip/popover plugins
• Clicking into an input field within an open dropdown no longer closes the dropdown
• Fix horizontal viewport bounds check in tooltip/popover placement logic
• Add new inserted.bs.tooltip/popover event fired after tooltip/popover DOM is inserted into the document
• Tooltip/popover: Allow viewport option to be a function
• Fix auto placement to use viewport on tooltips and popovers
• Added Wall of Browser Bugs entry for table-related Chrome bug
• Darker style .focus and :focus:hover on .active buttons
• Fix radio and checkbox keyboard handling in .btn-group (plus removal of obsolete unit test)
• Generalize dropdowns / droprole="menu"
• Manually handle .input-group-* sizing instead of using mixins, which causes a bug in our compiled code due to nesting
• Add z-index to avoid border overlapping in input groups
• Properly position .form-control-feedback across within input groups
• Fix overlapped border on pagination links on hover
• Make .text-emphasis-variant adjust a:focus color in addition to a:hover color
• Reset text/font properties more thoroughly for tooltips+popovers
• Add @jumbotron-heading-font-size variable
• Only disable pointer-events on disabled .btns
• Add max-width: none to .media > .img-thumbnail to prevent malformed images
• Make .bg-variant mixin adjust :focus color in addition to :hover color
• Update .visible* mixin to use !important onelements
• Fix border-radius on list group items in collapsible panels
• Account for static form controls in form group size variations
• Add support to .list-group-items.

What is new in version 3.3.5 / 2.3.2 / 4.0.0 Alpha:

• Fix incorrect Affix positioning when webpage uses sticky footer layout
• Fix tooltip/popover behavior when multiple triggers are specified
• Avoid some unnecessary HTML string building+parsing
• Avoid leaking memory in tooltip/popover plugins
• Clicking into an input field within an open dropdown no longer closes the dropdown
• Fix horizontal viewport bounds check in tooltip/popover placement logic
• Add new inserted.bs.tooltip/popover event fired after tooltip/popover DOM is inserted into the document
• Tooltip/popover: Allow viewport option to be a function
• Fix auto placement to use viewport on tooltips and popovers
• Added Wall of Browser Bugs entry for table-related Chrome bug
• Darker style .focus and :focus:hover on .active buttons
• Fix radio and checkbox keyboard handling in .btn-group (plus removal of obsolete unit test)
• Generalize dropdowns / droprole="menu"
• Manually handle .input-group-* sizing instead of using mixins, which causes a bug in our compiled code due to nesting
• Add z-index to avoid border overlapping in input groups
• Properly position .form-control-feedback across within input groups
• Fix overlapped border on pagination links on hover
• Make .text-emphasis-variant adjust a:focus color in addition to a:hover color
• Reset text/font properties more thoroughly for tooltips+popovers
• Add @jumbotron-heading-font-size variable
• Only disable pointer-events on disabled .btns
• Add max-width: none to .media > .img-thumbnail to prevent malformed images
• Make .bg-variant mixin adjust :focus color in addition to :hover color
• Update .visible* mixin to use !important onelements
• Fix border-radius on list group items in collapsible panels
• Account for static form controls in form group size variations
• Add support to .list-group-items.

What is new in version 3.3.5 / 2.3.2:

• Fix incorrect Affix positioning when webpage uses sticky footer layout
• Fix tooltip/popover behavior when multiple triggers are specified
• Avoid some unnecessary HTML string building+parsing
• Avoid leaking memory in tooltip/popover plugins
• Clicking into an input field within an open dropdown no longer closes the dropdown
• Fix horizontal viewport bounds check in tooltip/popover placement logic
• Add new inserted.bs.tooltip/popover event fired after tooltip/popover DOM is inserted into the document
• Tooltip/popover: Allow viewport option to be a function
• Fix auto placement to use viewport on tooltips and popovers
• Added Wall of Browser Bugs entry for table-related Chrome bug
• Darker style .focus and :focus:hover on .active buttons
• Fix radio and checkbox keyboard handling in .btn-group (plus removal of obsolete unit test)
• Generalize dropdowns / droprole="menu"
• Manually handle .input-group-* sizing instead of using mixins, which causes a bug in our compiled code due to nesting
• Add z-index to avoid border overlapping in input groups
• Properly position .form-control-feedback across within input groups
• Fix overlapped border on pagination links on hover
• Make .text-emphasis-variant adjust a:focus color in addition to a:hover color
• Reset text/font properties more thoroughly for tooltips+popovers
• Add @jumbotron-heading-font-size variable
• Only disable pointer-events on disabled .btns
• Add max-width: none to .media > .img-thumbnail to prevent malformed images
• Make .bg-variant mixin adjust :focus color in addition to :hover color
• Update .visible* mixin to use !important onelements
• Fix border-radius on list group items in collapsible panels
• Account for static form controls in form group size variations
• Add support to .list-group-items.

What is new in version 3.3.4 / 2.3.2:

• Fixes for a few significant bugs in the Modal plugin.
• Fixes for a couple annoying bugs in the ScrollSpy plugin.
• Bootstrap is now also available as a Meteor package in the Atmosphere package index.
• Convenience aliases have been added for currency symbol Glyphicons based on their related 3-letter ISO currency codes. For example, .glyphicon-rub is a new alias for .glyphicon-ruble, the currency symbol for the Russian ruble (RUB).
• Deployed AnchorJS in our documentation to make it easier to link to specific sections within the docs.

What is new in version 3.3.2 / 2.3.2:

• Apply form group size variations to .form-control-static.
• Fix .table-striped to work with tooltips on rows by using nth-of-type instead of nth-child.
• Use @link-hover-decoration for .btn-link to match default a:hover styles.
• Reset the color on and .small elements within .panel-titles.
• Fix carousel partially not using vendor-prefix mixins.
• Full width form control elements inside media/flag object
• Fix the nesting problem with form control size variants.
• Restore missing .media-object that was removed in #14801.
• Restore .media and .media-body styles that were removed in #14801.
• Add position: relative; to .dropup for proper menu placement.
• Use same value for margins on default .dropdown-menu as .dropup .dropdown-menus.
• Vertically center .icon-prev and .icon-next in carousel controls with line-height: 1.
• Fix border-radius on nested button groups with only one child.
• Fixes .input-group-sm and .input-group-lg for temporal date inputs.
• Update browser bug references in Less comments.
• Add .disabled class to the .btn-styles mixin in the theme.
• Increase decimals on @line-height-large from 1.33 to 1.3333333 to fix button sizing in Chrome for Windows 8.1.

What is new in version 3.3.1:

• Use HTML5
• Replace deprecated uses of .pull-left & .pull-right in .media docs.
• Mention Safari font size issues with fixed-width .containers in Printing docs.
• Add event.relatedTarget + data-* example of how to vary modal content based on which button activated the modal.
• Add initialization examples to tooltip and popover "Opt-in functionality" callouts.
• Document required .active class on one carousel slide.
• Assorted accessibility (and some consistency) fixes.
• Glyphicon accessibility improvements.
• Wash-up of some stray dropdown examples' ARIA roles.
• Correctly override active dropdown items in collapsed navbars in the theme.
• Correctly override active dropdown items in collapsed navbars.
• Make button plugin's focus shim recognize focusin event in addition to focus event.
• Add workaround for seemingly spurious tooltip viewport unit test failures on iOS 8.
• Fix modal backdrop overlaying the modal's scrollbar.
• Center modal at all times.
• Have Carousel ignore keyboard events emited by s or s.</li> <li>Dropdown: Ignore keydown events coming from inputs and textareas.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.3.0:</p><p><ul><li>Added a handful of new Less variables for easier customization.</li> <li>Removed recent progress bar changes for low percentages.</li> <li>Removed all instances of translate3d as they improved repaint performance, but also added several cross browser bugs.</li> <li>Added transforms to improve carousel performance in modern browsers.</li> <li>Updated Normalize.css and our H5BP print styles to their latest releases.</li> <li>Improved accessibility for navs, panels, tooltips, buttons, and more.</li> <li>Resolved dozens of JavaScript and documentation bugs.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.2.0:</p><p><ul><li>Responsive embeds, as seen in SUIT CSS.</li> <li>Visibility and hidden classes for block, inline-block, and inline elements.</li> <li>Added ZeroClipboard to provide a Flash-based copy button on all examples to quickly copy snippets of code.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.1.1:</p><p><ul><li>Updated docs, examples, and tests to use jQuery v1.11.0.</li> <li>Rails 3.2 compatibility.</li> <li>Scope large modal styles to minimum viewport width.</li> <li>Restore full width inputs for input groups in inline forms and navbars.</li> <li>Remove long deprecated :-moz-placeholder styles.</li> <li>Scope popover arrow styles to immediate children.</li> <li>Fixes two typos in carousel.less for the Glyphicon classes.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.1.0:</p><p><ul><li>Three new templates: Blog, Cover, and Dashboard.</li> <li>Added .info variant to contextual table classes.</li> <li>Added contextual styles to list groups.</li> <li>Added new sizes, .modal-lg and .modal-sm, to modals for quicker settings on modals. Only applies to modals above the small breakpoint.</li> <li>Added <kbd> element styles to indicate user input via keyboard.</li> <li>Added .animation() mixins.</li> <li>Added contextual background-color classes to match our existing text classes.</li> <li>Added .text-justify class to round out the text alignment classes.</li> <li>Added new form control feedback classes to toggle icons for each validation state. Works on regular forms, horizontal, and inline.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.0.2:</p><p><ul><li>Improve nesting of .thumbnail styles.</li> <li>Remove unnecessary & from CSS nesting for panels.</li> <li>Added Grunt task to update version numbers across entire project. (Note: If you run our docs locally, you'll need to run npm install in order to run grunt).</li> <li>Don't use nonstandard window.location.origin in Customizer.</li> <li>Removed duplicate class changes in migration instructions.</li> <li>Added screen reader text for navbar toggles.</li> <li>Use .navbar-* alignment classes in .navbar-text example.</li> <li>Update Node to v0.10.x (current stable)</li> <li>Fix links to same-page anchors</li> <li>Drop media type on basic template example</li> <li>Correct download links in readme</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.0.1:</p><p><ul><li>Fixed bugs:</li> <li>Don't remove quotes around q element by default</li> <li>Use newly-updated Glyphicons to workaround old Android WebKit bug</li> <li>Update html5shiv to v3.7.0</li> <li>Fixed check for presence of jQuery</li> <li>Removed comma separating the color and the color-stop in -webkit-linear-gradient in #gradient > .vertical mixin</li> <li>Scope padding-top on .form-control-static to horizontal forms only</li> <li>Use variable for jumbotron font-size instead of hard-coded value</li> <li>Round .lead font-size to nearest whole pixel</li> <li>Move .hidden from responsive utilities to utilities (where it belongs, especially on account of deprecated .hide per #10769)</li> <li>Restore grid mixins</li> <li>Remove box-shadow from .btn-link.dropdown-toggle</li> <li>.navbar-fixed-bottom should have a top border, not a bottom border</li> <li>Add position: relative; to .modal-dialog so that the z-index takes effect</li> <li>Remove rogue H5BP .ir class from print styles</li> <li>Add background-color hacks so that clicking carousel indicators in IE8-9 works as intended</li> <li>Refactor z-index on navbars. Removes the default z-index: 1000; and instead only applies it to static-top, fixed-top, and fixed-bottom. Also fixes up the broken default navbar example's fubared padding.</li> <li>Remove padding-left from first list item within .list-inline</li> <li>Adds .animation() mixin to replace .progress-bar's regular CSS animation properties (and drops the -moz, -ms, and -o prefies as they are not needed per http://caniuse.com/#feat=css-animation).</li> <li>Apply background-color: #fff; to selects in print styles to fix Chrome bug</li> <li>Audited Customizer variables section and rearranged content</li> </ul></p><p><strong>What is new</strong> in version 3.0.0:</p><p><ul><li>New design and an optional theme.</li> <li>Mobile first and always responsive.</li> <li>Brand new Customizer.</li> <li>Better box model by default.</li> <li>Super-powered grid system.</li> <li>Rewritten JavaScript plugins.</li> <li>New Glyphicons icon font/</li> <li>Overhauled navbar.</li> <li>Modals are way more responsive.</li> <li>Added some components.</li> <li>Removed some components.</li> <li>More consistent base and sizing classes.</li> <li>Dropped Internet Explorer 7 and Firefox 3.6 support.</li> </ul></p><p><strong>Requirements</strong>:</p><p><ul><li>JavaScript enabled on client side</li> <li>jQuery</li> </ul></p>